Pierre Sola
- 26 July 2022
- WORKING PAPER SERIES - No. 2687Details
- Abstract
- Distributional accounts for households enable measurement, study developments andidentify drivers of inequality. Distributional information on households’ wealth is availablefrom the Household Finance and Consumption Survey only for three points in time (2009 –2018), while aggregates are available quarterly. This paper presents a novel methodology forderiving quarterly distributional national wealth by (i) improving the alignment of surveyfieldwork periods with the national accounts’ dates; (ii) correcting for differences in severalconcepts; (iii) estimating missing wealthy households; (iv) developing time series; and (v)computing euro area aggregates. This paper finds an increase in the net wealth Gini of mosteuro area countries since 2009; that the richest 1% holds 28% of total net wealth, while thebottom 50% holds 4%; and that the net wealth of the top 1% has grown by almost 50%,compared to 28% for the remaining 99%, with a decrease in the bottom 20%.
- JEL Code
- C46 : Mathematical and Quantitative Methods→Econometric and Statistical Methods: Special Topics→Specific Distributions, Specific Statistics
D31 : Microeconomics→Distribution→Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions
E27 : Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics→Consumption, Saving, Production, Investment, Labor Markets, and Informal Economy→Forecasting and Simulation: Models and Applications
G51 : Financial Economics
N34 : Economic History→Labor and Consumers, Demography, Education, Health, Welfare, Income, Wealth, Religion, and Philanthropy→Europe: 1913-
- 22 July 2020
- STATISTICS PAPER SERIES - No. 37Details
- Abstract
- The Expert Group on Linking Macro and Micro Data for the household sector (EG-LMM) was established in December 2015 within the European System of Central Banks (ESCB) with the aim of comparing and bridging macro data (i.e. National Accounts/Financial Accounts) and micro data (i.e. the Household Finance and Consumption Survey) on wealth. Furthermore, the Expert Group also focused on developing distributional results for household macro balance sheets, starting with national data from the euro area Member States. The Expert Group assessed the extent to which these two sets of statistics could be compared and was able to link most balance sheet items. Since, following adjustments, the estimates yielded from the micro data were still lower than the macro data, an estimation method was developed to gross up the micro data to be in line with the macro data results. The methodology delivers estimates of the distribution of household wealth that are closely aligned with Financial Accounts aggregates, thereby offering valuable new information for the purposes of macroeconomic analyses based on such Financial Accounts. Further research is needed to examine the robustness of these results and to improve the estimation method taking into account country-specific features and information. The Expert Group has therefore recommended further work be undertaken with a view to compiling experimental distributional results by end-2022.
- JEL Code
- D31 : Microeconomics→Distribution→Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions
G51 : Financial Economics
- 30 September 2008
- OCCASIONAL PAPER SERIES - No. 96Details
- Abstract
- This occasional paper describes the monetary presentation of the euro area balance of payments and its use. The monetary presentation is a tool for assessing the impact of balance of payments transactions involving non-bank residents on monetary developments. The paper explains in detail the principle underlying this approach, i.e. the link between the external counterpart of money, as reflected in the balance sheet of the banking sector, and the balance of payments. From a statistical perspective, it is shown that the monetary presentation of the balance of payments, which is based on international statistical standards, may be applied in any country or currency union. With regard to euro area statistics, the paper elaborates on the practical implementation of the monetary presentation, while also describing a few approximations and remaining statistical challenges. Finally, the paper assesses how the monetary presentation of the balance of payments has been used for analysing monetary developments in the euro area, and highlights the significant impact of balance of payments transactions on monetary dynamics in certain periods.
- JEL Code
- E51 : Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics→Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit→Money Supply, Credit, Money Multipliers
F40 : International Economics→Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance→General - Network
- Eurosystem Monetary Transmission Network